LONDON - Following the resignation of Prime Minister Keir Starmer on June 22, Andy Burnham, the main contender to replace him, could become the United Kingdom's first prime minister (PM) to enter office publicly identifying as a Catholic.
Previous PMs have had connections to the Catholic faith, although none have begun their terms in office as practicing Catholics. Tony Blair, PM from 1997 to 2007, converted to Catholicism after leaving office. Boris Johnson, PM from 2019 to 2022, though baptized a Catholic as an infant, entered Downing Street as an Anglican.
Burnham, who was sworn in on a Bible as a new Member of Parliament on June 22, has described his Catholic faith as "unshowy", telling The Guardian in 2009: "Three things are important in my life apart from family: Everton [Football Club], the Labour Party, and the Catholic Church - in that order."
The appointment could also raise a constitutional question concerning his role in episcopal appointments.
At play if Burnham becomes PM will be a landmark UK law known as the Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829 (also called the Catholic Emancipation Act). It grants Roman Catholics the right to sit in Parliament and hold most public offices, but does not allow them to advise the Crown on Church of England episcopal appointments. How this provision may operate in modern constitutional practice remains contested.
Jon Tonge, a politics professor at the University of Liverpool, told EWTN News: "Legally, Burnham would be prohibited from advising the Monarch on [Church of England] bishops. The law has not been repealed. The Lord Chancellor will provide the advice."
An 'a la carte' Catholicism
Tonge continued, "Even though he's not a regular at Mass, [Burnham] sent his children to Catholic schools … It is an 'a la carte' Catholicism, which ignores the social conservatism (opposition to same-sex marriage or to abortion, as examples) and attempts to apply Catholic social teaching principles to policy. Equality, fairness, justice, and help for those with least are at its heart — hence Burnham's commitment to tackle homelessness in Greater Manchester and donate some of his salary to the issue."
Burnham has said he was raised with a "live and let live" approach, something that has shaped his stance on policy. He supports abortion and same-sex marriage and is in favor of assisted suicide for terminally ill adults, positions that are not in line with the teachings of the Catholic Church.
Andrea Williams, chief executive of Christian Concern, told EWTN News: "I can't actually see anything that's obviously Christian in his [Burnham's] policies. A person that professes and confesses faith will always uphold marriage between one man and one woman, will not champion trans ideology into law and into policy … He's pro-assisted suicide, he's pro-liberalization of abortion. So that doesn't actually match with his faith."
In 2023, Burnham delighted Pope Francis at the Vatican when he gifted the pontiff a shirt signed by fellow Argentinian Lisandro Martinez, a player for Manchester United. Following Francis' death, Burnham described the meeting as the "most moving" experience of his life — despite having previously pressured the pope to bring the Catholic Church "into the 21st century" on issues including LGBT rights.
Growing up in 1980s in Warrington, Burnham attended St Aelred's Catholic High School and was raised in his Irish mother Eileen's Catholic faith. She said in a 2015 interview: "You should have seen the fights he and his brothers had on Sundays. They were all altar boys, but Andy had to be the one at the front holding the Communion plate."
Burnham married Marie-France van Heel in 2000 after meeting at Cambridge University's Fitzwilliam College in 1989, and they have three grown children.
