Catholic News

The New York state Legislature passed a bill that replaces the words "mother" and "father" in some state laws with gender-neutral language, a move that New York's bishops say will further "muddy what is true and good."

The bill, passed by the state Assembly in March and by the state Senate on June 2, now heads to Gov. Kathy Hochul to be signed into law.

Under the new law, "mother" would be replaced with "gestating parent," and "father" would be "non-gestating parent." The words "paternity" and "filiation" would be replaced with "parentage."

The New York State Catholic Conference issued a memorandum on June 10 noting the bishops' opposition to the new law, calling it "politically charged" and "unnecessary."

"The truth is that mothers are mothers, and fathers are fathers," the bishops wrote. "Words matter, and serious changes to our governing language serve only to wash away the importance of these roles in our society."

"The yearslong push in our state for abortion on demand and up until birth, the endless millions of dollars funneled to Planned Parenthood, and the legalization of commercial surrogacy have reduced women to vessels and babies to disposable commodities," they said.

"The Legislature's final twist of the knife is now apparently removing the term 'mother' altogether," they wrote. "We must reverse course and recognize the importance of both mothers and fathers and pursue changes that truly support women and families."

The legislation (Senate Bill S9316/Assembly Bill A8382A) targets parts of the Family Court Act and laws having to do with, among others, domestic relations, social services, vehicle and traffic, alcoholic beverage control, child support statutes, and education law.

On June 3, Hochul said she was unfamiliar with the specifics of the bill and would familiarize herself with them before commenting.

"I have until the end of the year to review them and make a decision," she said, though according to New York state law, now that the Legislature is adjourned, she has 30 days to sign it. If she does not, the bill is automatically pocket-vetoed (it dies and does not become law).

New York's bishops urged Hochul "to veto this upsetting legislation and uphold the importance of both mothers and fathers in our state," saying the bill's "wholesale effect will be to mock the foundation of the family."

The bishops accused legislators of "political pandering and appeasing a small group of very loud advocates."

"Erasing the terms 'mother' and 'father' from our laws will not help struggling New Yorkers afford groceries, access healthcare, or find housing, but it will further muddy what is true and good," they wrote.

All 38 Senate Democrats who voted supported the measure, while all 22 Republicans voted against it. One Democrat also voted no, joining the unanimous Republican opposition. The bill had previously passed the Assembly 91-46 on March 19, with almost all Democrats voting for it and almost all Republicans against.

According to reporting by Fox5 New York, the state Senate bill passed quickly and with no debate, "shocking" some lawmakers.

While there was a short floor speech last week by Republican State Sen. Dean Murray opposing the bill, the overall process was rushed as the legislative session wrapped up June 10.

"These terms matter," Murray said. "'Mother' is one of the most sacred titles you can have. As is 'father,' 'grandmother,' grandfather.'"

He continued: "In fact ... the term mother is so important, we have a special day named after it," referring to Mother's Day.

"Of course, now maybe we change that to Gestating Parent's Day ... and Father's Day, just change it to Parent's Day."

Republican Rep. Claudia Tenney, a U.S. Congresswoman who previously served in the New York State Assembly from 2011 to 2016, issued a strong rebuke on social media, stating: "The party that can't define a woman is now rewriting New York law to erase mothers and fathers. Only in Albany could 'mom' and 'dad' become too controversial."

Proponents argue the new language is more inclusive and takes into account special cases that occur when there is no clear biological parent, such as in surrogacy and adoption situations.

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Multiple lawsuits filed in federal courts on June 11 allege that permissive assisted suicide laws in New York and Illinois are threatening the life and well-being of individuals with disabilities in those states.

Several individual plaintiffs and patients' rights groups filed the suits in two U.S. district courts arguing against the states' respective laws that permit doctors to intentionally cause the death of patients deemed terminally ill, a process known as "medical aid in dying," a term used in state law.

Illinois Gov. JB Pritzker signed the state's assisted suicide bill into law in December 2025, while New York Gov. Kathy Hochul signed her own state's bill in February of this year. Both measures have been ardently opposed by Catholic leaders.

The Illinois suit — brought by two plaintiffs and several groups including the Institute for Patients' Rights and the National Council on Independent Living — argues that the state's law removes the "ethical obligation of every physician to do no harm," nullifying a doctor's requirement to, in part, "actively prevent the patient from ... suicide."

The state is offering suicide as a "reasonable option" for medical patients, the suit argues, and permits suicide to be "encouraged by physicians."

The New York law, meanwhile — which is scheduled to go into effect in August — presents a "looming threat" to individuals with disabilities, the lawsuit in that state says, in part because it does not require medical officials to "consider a patient's psychiatric or psychological condition or how that may affect their suicidality" when they ask for help in dying.

The New York suit argues that the law will allow patients to obtain suicide assistance even if they are not suffering from terminal conditions; it further alleges that the law would allow patients to "make themselves eligible" for suicide by "declining available medical treatment."

Both suits argue that the respective suicide regimes violate state and federal laws, including disability protection laws; the suits further claim that the rules violate equal-protection provisions under the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

Matt Vallière, president and executive director of the Institute for Patients' Rights, which is a party in both suits, said in a June 11 press release that the laws "create a separate and unequal system in which people with life-threatening disabilities are offered death instead of the support programs everyone else gets."

The lawsuits "are about affirming that every person has inestimable value and dignity, regardless of age, disability, or prognosis, and ensuring that no one is treated as disposable under the law," he said.

The filings are the fourth and fifth lawsuits filed as part of a national effort by the initiative End Assisted Suicide, a coalition group targeting state suicide laws on behalf of people with disabilities.

Catholic leaders in both states have sharply criticized the assisted suicide laws. New York Archbishop Ronald Hicks said this month that the state's law would usher in a "new and frightening era" there.

"How long before this so-called 'compassion' for the terminally ill evolves from a 'choice' into an expectation to kill oneself for all sorts of vulnerable individuals, including those with disabilities, the elderly, and those in impoverished and medically underserved communities?" the prelate said.

The Illinois bishops, meanwhile, described their state's assisted suicide law as a "dangerous and heartbreaking path."

"Rather than investing in real end-of-life support such as palliative and hospice care, pain management, and family-centered accompaniment, our state has chosen to normalize killing oneself," the bishops said.

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Paraguayan President Santiago Peña announced this week that work will proceed on the restoration and enhancement of Our Lady of the Assumption Metropolitan Cathedral in Asunción, the capital city.

The announcement was made on June 8 during the blessing and groundbreaking ceremony for a monument to Our Lady of the Assumption on the capital's waterfront, an event attended by the archbishop of Asunción, Cardinal Adalberto Martínez, and the apostolic nuncio to Paraguay, Archbishop Vincenzo Turturro.

In presenting the project, Peña highlighted the close collaboration between the national government and the Paraguayan Bishops' Conference.

The president said the restoration concerns not only infrastructure but also serves as a tangible expression of the government's conviction that "the Catholic Church is not merely part of our history, but part of what we aspire to be as a nation."

Paraguay's Catholic University developed the specifications for the project, which has received approval from the National Secretariat of Culture. Itaipú, a hydroelectric power plant jointly owned by Paraguay and Brazil, will finance the project, the president announced.

The Diocese of Asunción was erected in 1547. A previous cathedral was built in 1548 and later replaced by the current cathedral, which was dedicated in 1845.

The work is part of a series of restoration projects of emblematic sites with support from Itaipú and includes buildings such as historic St. Bonaventure church in Yaguarón, the Ñandejára Guasu shrine in Piribebuy, and St. Blaise Cathedral in Ciudad del Este.

This story was first published by ACI Prensa, the Spanish-language sister service of EWTN News. It has been translated and adapted by EWTN News English.

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A Catholic football coach is being backed by the U.S. Department of Justice in his lawsuit against a public university that fired him for refusing to take a COVID-19 vaccine.

Nick Rolovich first sued Washington State University in 2022 after he was dismissed from the school for refusing the vaccination in 2021.

In his lawsuit Rolovich said the university failed to uphold its contract with him when it fired him for refusing the shot. The suit alleged that the firing was not made with "just cause" and that the school violated its contract in dismissing him over the dispute.

In the suit Rolovich said he "drew upon his study of the Bible, personal
prayer, personal experience, personal study, advice from others, advice from a Catholic priest, and the teachings of the Church in concluding that his conscience precluded him from receiving any available COVID-19 vaccine."

A federal district court ruled against Rolovich in 2025. On June 10 the coach and his legal team appeared before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit arguing the case.

Rolovich in his appeal has received the backing of the U.S. Department of Justice, which filed an amicus brief in the case arguing that the coach had provided "voluminous ... evidence where he asserted, and demonstrated evidence of, a sincere religious belief."

"That evidence attested to his sincere Catholic beliefs and articulated the conflict between that belief system and his objection to taking the vaccine," the government said, arguing that the appeals court should reverse the lower court's ruling.

A decision from the appeals court will likely be handed down in the next few months. In a June 10 release, Joseph Davis — a senior attorney at the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty, which is representing the coach in the case — argued that the school fired Rolovich solely because it "disliked his beliefs."

"Sidelining a coach for standing by his faith betrays the spirit of college athletics and religious freedom," Davis said, arguing that the court should  "throw the flag on WSU's unnecessary roughness and protect every American's right to live and work according to their faith."

Several Catholics in the U.S. have won high-profile lawsuits in recent years over their refusals to take the COVID-19 vaccine.

The University of Colorado's medical school in late 2025 agreed to pay out a massive eight-figure settlement after it required multiple staffers, including a Catholic doctor, to obtain the COVID-19 vaccination.

In 2024, meanwhile, Catholic Michigan resident Lisa Domski received $12.7 million in a religious discrimination lawsuit against Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan after it fired her over her refusal to take the vaccine.

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The bishops of the United States voted in favor of a revised version of the Charter for the Protection of Children and Young People.

The document, also known as "the Dallas Charter," is a set of procedures originally established in 2002 to address allegations of sexual abuse of minors by Catholic clergy.

The bishops voted on the revised document at the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops' (USCCB) spring plenary session in Orlando, Florida, on June 11.

The revised charter offers changes and additions but maintains the focus of the original document "to address with transparency and accountability accusations of abuse committed by clergy," said Bishop Barry Knestout of Richmond, Virginia, chair of the Committee on the Protection of Children and Young People, at the meeting.

The revision process began in 2021 and was done in collaboration with USCCB Committees on the Protection of Children and Young People; Canonical Affairs and Church Governance; Clergy, Consecrated Life, and Vocations; the Office of the General Counsel; and the National Review Board.

The new document offers a glossary "in response to repeated requests from dioceses on having more consistent definitions of various terms," Knestout said.

"Among the influences drawn from the revisions of Book VI of the Code of Canon Law is the integration of the right of an accused to the presumption of innocence," and "among the Vos Estis Lux Mundi general provisions is the identification of mandatory Church reporters to complement mandatory reporting to civil authorities," he said.

The revised version also includes a "clear allowance for electronic letters of suitability" and "an added reference to the protection of information under the seal of the sacrament of penance," Knestout said.

To ensure the charter focuses on abuse of minors, the Committee on Clergy, Consecrated Life, and Vocations will develop a separate document from the charter that will focus on standards of behavior for both clergy and laity with adults, including vulnerable adults.

Vote invites debate among bishops

Prior to voting, the bishops discussed and debated the topic. Some of the bishops inquired about the language within the document and offered proposed changes.

During the discussion, Archbishop Shawn McKnight of Kansas City, Kansas, proposed the bishops "postpone [the] vote until the next meeting," which will be held in November. Bishop Earl Fernandes of Columbus, Ohio, seconded the motion as the bishops will not "lose very much by delaying" and to ensure his presbyteral council is "sufficiently consulted."

In response to the bishops in favor of the postponement, Knestout said that "there has been quite a bit of consultation already." He added: "I am not sure what's gained through the additional time, other than … an opportunity for some dioceses and presbyterates to look at this again."

Ultimately the majority voted not to postpone the vote. The bishops then approved the revised charter, with 176 voting yes, 22 voting no, and six abstaining.

Bishops react to approval of charter

"I'm coming towards the conclusion of my own term as the chair. I inherited the [charter] process and I wanted to make sure it was concluded," Knestout told EWTN News following the vote.

"This was … our best effort to make sure it was adapted to some of the developments and circumstances of the present," he said. "So it can function as the guide for our ongoing work in caring for and making sure that we are providing safeguarding for children and young people within our diocese and do it in a good way that is respectful of the role of priests."

As the bishops revised the document, it was "necessary for us to do two things as bishops," Knestout said.

"One is to express our love for, our care for those who are victim survivors, and for all those who've been injured or wounded because of the abuse issue or the crisis, and to assure them that ... with both transparency and accountability, [we] will address the issue and continue to do so in a vigilant way."

It was also to reflect updates "from the developments that have occurred with canon law over the last eight years to also express in a tangible way our concern for our priests and for their needs" and "to address issues of due process and presumed innocence."

It "tries to do both in a way that's balanced and that's authentic but is consistent and addresses the issue of the crisis in a way that will bring trust and healing over time," he said.

While the charter was under review, the Committee on Canonical Affairs and Church Governance "wanted to keep clarity … that the charter is for protection of children and young people," Bishop Thomas Paprocki of Springfield, Illinois, chair of the Committee on Canonical Affairs and Church Governance, told EWTN News.

"I think it has worked well over the last 25 years" and "I think these amendments that we had and the changes will be for the better," he said.

"There were voices, and continue to be voices, that wanted to expand that to include other areas of misconduct, misconduct by bishops, or misconduct by priests with adults," but there "are other avenues … for doing that," Paprocki said.

"By not including vulnerable adults in the charter does not say that we don't think it's important," but "it should be an entirely separate process, and in my experience it has been good to have that as a separate process."

"I would also point out that there are some things already in existence," he said. He detailed Pope Francis' 2016 moto proprio As a Loving Mother, which "provides for the removal of bishops for different kinds of misconduct," and Vos Estis Lux Mundi.

In contrast, McKnight told "EWTN News In Depth" it is "a missed opportunity" that the revised charter does not address the abuse of adults, abuses of power, and episcopal misconduct or cover-ups.

McKnight explained that he has previously "made a full proposal" that the bishops "consider not revising the charter but to honor it as an historical document written for its time period."

"My proposal is that we have an integrated statement of moral commitment, like the charter, that would honor it but be organically related to it" and "encompass these other things that are just as pressing of an issue for our ecclesial life," he said.

The bishops voting to not postpone the vote was also "a missed opportunity for us to exercise a bit more the approach that our Holy Father, Pope Leo, is asking us to do as bishops," he said.

While "there has been extensive consultation over several years by conference leadership, the bishops as a body have not been involved in that other than four years ago was the last time we were consulted," McKnight said.

"So my feeling was that … we should have the opportunity to take and solicit feedback from our own clergy and our own laypeople, and to work more collaboratively and in a spirit of co-responsibility," he said.

Next steps

Going forward, "the administrative committee has asked the Committee for Clergy Consecrated Life and Vocations … [to] take up the next step of looking at issues of sexual misconduct with adults and with vulnerable adults," Archbishop Ronald Hicks of New York, chair of the Committee for Clergy, Consecrated Life, and Vocations, told EWTN News.

"We've accepted that as the committee, and we are going to start the work on producing such a document," he said.

"As we do so … we are going to collaborate with all of the other agencies and those who are involved with sexual misconduct on how we respond as the USCCB within the Church," Hicks said.

Having separate documents addressing different areas of abuse "is making sure that issues stay in their lane properly," Hicks said.

The charter looks "at issues of children, minors, preventing abuse, protecting children, and also the accompaniment of victim survivors," he said. "Then there's opportunities for continued conversation of 'What does abuse and sexual misconduct look like with adults or vulnerable adults?'"

"Let another document address that so that we are properly making sure we attend to the original outset of what the charter was meant for, which is the protection of children, the prevention of abuse, and the accompaniment of victim survivors," Hicks said.

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BALTIMORE — About 300 Catholics gathered at the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary on Wednesday, June 10, for Mass and a Eucharistic procession through downtown Baltimore as the National Eucharistic Pilgrimage's St. Frances Xavier Cabrini Route continued through the nation's first Catholic diocese.

Following the morning Mass, pilgrims processed several blocks in the rain from the basilica to Baltimore's Washington Monument, one of the city's most recognizable civic landmarks, praying and singing as they accompanied the Blessed Sacrament through the city's historic streets.

The Baltimore stop is part of the 2026 National Eucharistic Pilgrimage, which is traveling under the theme "One Nation Under God" as the United States prepares to mark the 250th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence.

In his homily, Monsignor Jay O'Connor reflected on the meaning of pilgrimage and the public witness of carrying the Eucharist through cities, towns, highways, and waterways across the country.

"This National Eucharistic Pilgrimage, which is of Jesus through the streets and the highways and the plains and the waterways of our country, brings the blessing of the real presence of Jesus into the heart and soul of our fellow citizens and our country," he said.

The basilica, completed in 1821, is the first cathedral constructed in the United States. It was built under the leadership of Bishop John Carroll, the first bishop of the United States, making the Baltimore stop a significant moment for a pilgrimage moving through many of the original 13 colonies during the nation's semiquincentennial year.

O'Connor said pilgrimage is not meant to be easy, citing St. John Paul II's teaching that God uses the challenges of the journey to form his people.

"Through the challenges of the journey, God forms us into the people he calls us to be — a community of missionary disciples," he said.

The celebrant also recalled a previous Eucharistic procession in Baltimore, when a man came out of his home and asked what was happening as the procession passed through his neighborhood.

"One pilgrim responded, 'Jesus is walking through your neighborhood,'" he said. "The man asked, 'Can I join you?' And he was invited to walk the rest of the way with the pilgrims. That's what a pilgrimage is."

For the perpetual pilgrims accompanying the Eucharist along the Cabrini route, the journey has included long days of travel, prayer, public witness, and constant movement.

"It's been very busy," said John Paul Flynn, one of the perpetual pilgrims. "But it's through that busyness, I think, that you start to lean more into it and lean more into the graces that are there."

He said the experience of traveling with the Blessed Sacrament has been unlike anything else.

"Getting to be with Jesus all the time is a really unique experience," he said, noting that the pilgrims even have adoration in the van as they travel.

The pilgrimage was scheduled to continue through Maryland with stops in Severna Park and Annapolis before crossing the Chesapeake Bay by boat to Kent Island and the Diocese of Wilmington.

The Cabrini route is named for St. Frances Xavier Cabrini, the Italian-born missionary sister who became the first U.S. citizen to be canonized a saint. Cabrini dedicated her life to serving immigrants, orphans, the sick, and the poor, founding schools, hospitals, and orphanages across the United States and beyond.

The route began over Memorial Day weekend in St. Augustine, Florida, and is traveling north along the Eastern Seaboard before concluding in Philadelphia over Independence Day weekend.

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ARGUINEGUÍN, Canary Islands — Pope Leo XIV on Thursday called for an "examination of conscience" on migration during a visit to the port of Arguineguín in Spain's Canary Islands, a site that became a symbol of the collapse of migration management in 2020.

The small fishing port on the southwest coast of Gran Canaria was once dubbed the "dock of shame" after more than 2,600 migrants were left crowded outdoors there for weeks six years ago, many sleeping on rough concrete after crossing the Atlantic in fragile boats from Mauritania, Senegal, Gambia, Morocco, and parts of the Sahara.

On June 11, Leo turned the site into what many present described as a dock of hope.

"It is not enough to manage arrivals, distribute figures, reinforce borders, or mourn the dead once they have already died," the pope said.

Human dignity, he said, "requires legal and safe routes, rescue and assistance, real cooperation against traffickers, effective protection for victims, serious processes of welcome and integration, and policies that allow each person to live with dignity in his or her own land."

Along the same lines, the pope emphasized that while there is a right to seek refuge when one's life is threatened, there is also a right not to be forced to migrate: "the right to remain in one's own home without hunger, without war, without persecution, without violence, without the land becoming uninhabitable, without corruption stealing the bread of the poor, without weapons destroying the future of children."

"We cannot grow accustomed to counting the dead," Leo said. "Human dignity has no passport and does not lose its value when crossing a border."

The Canary Islands marked the final stop of Pope Leo XIV's visit to Spain and one of its most symbolically charged moments. Migration remains an open wound in Europe and beyond, and Arguineguín has long stood as one of its most visible scars.

"This tragedy must become an examination of conscience," the pope said.

Leo directed his appeal to several audiences. Countries of origin, he said, "must create conditions of peace, justice, and development." Countries of transit, he added, must "not leave the weak in the hands of criminal networks."

He also addressed Europe directly, saying it "cannot proclaim human dignity and grow accustomed to the Mediterranean and the Atlantic becoming cemeteries without headstones." The international community, he said, is called to "effective and persevering cooperation."

The Church, too, "must allow herself to be challenged," the pope said. "Welcoming the migrant cannot be something secondary or delegated only to a few volunteers."

The pope also offered a direct message to ordinary Catholics.

"We kneel before the altar to adore Christ present in the Eucharist, from whom we receive the strength and the reason to live charity," he said. "Therefore, we cannot then 'pass by' the cayucos and pateras, because from prayer all service flows and to it every commitment returns."

The pope invoked the biblical figures of Leviathan and Rahab to describe the "monsters that lurk in these seas: mafias that traffic in despair, traffickers who enslave women and children, and the indifference of many who allow the poor to be swallowed up by exploitation or oblivion."

But faith, he said, "does not remain paralyzed before the power of the sea."

"We believe in a God who subdues chaos, sets limits to evil, and opens a path when death seems to prevail," Leo said.

Where Christ "commands the sea to be silent," he added, "the Church cannot remain silent before those who are abandoned to its waters."

The pope said conversion begins when "the migrant stops being just one more person, stops being a category and a number."

Leo's visit to the Canary Islands was one Pope Francis had wanted to make but was unable to carry out. Leo delivered a message echoing the one Francis brought to Lampedusa in 2013. Leo is also scheduled to visit the Italian island on July 4, the day the United States marks 250 years since its founding.

"We cannot grow accustomed to counting the dead," Leo said. "Human dignity has no passport and does not lose its value when crossing a border."

In a speech interrupted several times by applause, the pope asked that history "not have to accuse us of having turned the pain of those who suffer into the usual landscape of our coasts."

Before speaking, Leo listened to several testimonies from people close to the migration crisis.

Tito Villarmea, captain of the maritime rescue vessel Urania, said that in 18 years he has helped rescue more than 20,000 people — "a number that hurts and is not forgotten."

Although irregular arrivals by sea have fallen sharply this year — down about 35% from the previous year — rescue operations have continued, many in extreme conditions. According to Spain's Interior Ministry, 10,224 migrants arrived irregularly in Spain from Jan. 1 to May 31, down 35.2% from 15,769 during the same period last year. Irregular land entries into Ceuta and Melilla rose 210% to 2,366 people.

Villarmea recalled one rescue involving a mother traveling in a small boat with her child, surrounded by wounded people and lifeless bodies.

"Once safely on board, the woman approached the child, about 14 years old, took off the cap and jacket, and pulled out some gold earrings to put them on," he said. "It was a girl. She cried and I cried, because I am the father of two teenagers."

María Reyes Alemán, a Caritas volunteer, also addressed the pope, describing her work accompanying migrants amid the humanitarian crisis.

"We learned that it was not about solving everything, but about being present," she said, explaining that small gestures such as a smile or a look can also communicate hope.

Another powerful testimony came from Blessing, a Nigerian woman and trafficking survivor who was not present for security reasons. In a letter read aloud, she recounted leaving Nigeria at age 22, leaving behind her two daughters. When the time came to cross the sea, she said, she saw people who had departed before her group that same day drown.

"The mafia took me to a place where they performed a ritual, the 'juju,'" she said. "They told me I had a debt of 25,000 euros that I had to pay when I arrived in Europe."

During six months of captivity, she became pregnant by a man connected to the trafficking network.

"When I arrived in Spain, they took my baby away from me to force me into prostitution," she said. Her forced enslavement ended when her son was 11 months old and police arrested those holding her captive. She said the Church helped her rebuild her life.

Leo also warned migrants like Blessing not to trust those who exploit hopes for a better future.

"Do not believe those who promise easy paradises in exchange for your body, your money, your silence, or your freedom," he said.

Such false promises, he said, are "siren songs" and "industries of death."

The pope also mentioned El Hierro, the least populated of the Canary Islands, which has become a major arrival point for migrants, with more than 50,000 irregular arrivals since 2020. The peak came in 2024, with nearly 30,000 arrivals.

The island's treatment by authorities has prompted frustration from local officials, including Alpidio Armas, the socialist president of the island council, who did not attend the pope's events.

El Hierro, Leo said, "has seen thousands of people arrive, torn from their land and entrusted to the fragility of a cayuco."

There, he said, "there are people recovered from the sea and lifeless bodies rescued from the waters." For that reason, "the successor of Peter cannot turn away from these docks."

The event concluded with a floral offering in memory of the victims of migration by sea, a symbolic gesture at a place that has become an emblem of suffering but also of solidarity.

The pope then went to a nearby image of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, patroness of sailors, where he blessed a cross erected as a permanent memorial to those who never reached their destination.

This story was first published by ACI Prensa, the Spanish-language sister service of EWTN News. It has been translated and adapted by EWTN News English.

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On June 9, the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) ruled that Bulgaria violated freedom protections after authorities used an overly broad and vaguely-worded ban on "religious propaganda" to prevent Jehovah's Witnesses from engaging in door-to-door evangelization. Such religious outreach was banned while other forms of canvassing were permitted.

The case was brought by members of the group, who argued that local authorities had unlawfully prevented them from carrying out their missionary work.

Judges found that regulations adopted by the city of Shumen unlawfully restricted religious activity and failed to clearly define what constituted prohibited religious propaganda. The ruling concluded that the ban violated Article 9 of the European Convention on Human Rights, which protects freedom of thought, conscience, and religion.

Nicolas Bauer, a doctor of law and advocacy director at the European Centre for Law and Justice, which intervened in the case as a third party, said the judgment reaffirms a fundamental principle of religious liberty.

"Evangelizing is often viewed with suspicion in a secularized Europe," Bauer told EWTN News. "The ECHR ruling reaffirms a basic requirement of religious freedom for believers: the right to the same freedom of expression as everyone else."

Understanding the situation

At the center of the dispute was what the court viewed as unequal treatment of religious speech. Under Shumen city regulations, residents and organizations were permitted to go door-to-door for commercial and political purposes, but religious outreach alone was prohibited.

"It was permitted to knock on the door of the city's inhabitants to sell a vacuum cleaner or promote a political program," Bauer explained, "but forbidden to hand out a Bible or a pious image."

Municipal authorities justified the ban by claiming it protected the privacy of residents against "abusive or coercive proselytism." The court rejected that argument and dismissed the need for a blanket ban on door-to-door evangelization. It also noted that authorities had not "demonstrated the existence of concrete or repeated disturbances" to justify such a broad measure.

The court stressed that exposure to differing beliefs is part of life in a democratic society, noting that "being exposed to religious ideas or beliefs that one does not share cannot, in itself, justify a blanket ban on peaceful missionary activities."

Bauer also highlighted that individuals already possess practical means of avoiding unwanted contact, including declining to answer the door, politely dismissing visitors, or indicating that they do not wish to receive canvassers.

Implications beyond Bulgaria

For Bauer and other legal experts, the judgment reinforces the principle that religious expression enjoys the same protection as other forms of speech in democratic societies.

Bauer also noted that restrictions on evangelization affect not only those who wish to share their faith but also those who may want to hear it. "If the court recognizes the importance of the right to try to convince one's neighbor," he said, "it is also so that this neighbor can exercise their freedom to change religion."

The judgment does not prevent authorities from acting against coercive, abusive, or intrusive conduct. Rather, it draws a distinction between peaceful evangelization and harassment, making clear that governments cannot impose blanket bans on religious outreach simply because some members of the public may find it unwelcome. Bauer noted that "the role of public authorities is to punish visitors who enter a home against the will of its occupant."

For Christian communities engaged in missionary work, the decision offers reassurance that peaceful evangelization remains protected under European human rights law.

Religious freedom debates across Europe

The ruling arrives amid broader debates across Europe over the limits of religious expression in public life.

While Bulgaria's case centered on door-to-door evangelization, Bauer said Christians increasingly encounter legal and political challenges in other contexts.

He pointed to the controversial "buffer zone" laws surrounding abortion facilities in countries such as the United Kingdom and Spain. Pro-life advocates contend that some of these measures have been used to restrict activities ranging from conversations and leafleting to silent prayer, if authorities believe they could influence individuals approaching clinics.

Other disputes have involved public manifestations of Christian belief. Finnish Parliamentarian Päivi Räsänen faced years of legal proceedings after publicly expressing Christian views on sexuality. In France, legal controversies have emerged over the display of crosses, Nativity scenes, and religious statues in public spaces.

According to Bauer, these cases reflect a growing tension between traditional expressions of Christianity and increasingly secular societies. "Christian faith in the public sphere stands in stark contrast to the values of modern society," he said. Yet Bauer also explained that responsibility does not rest solely with governments or courts. Christian communities themselves, he suggested, sometimes contribute to the gradual disappearance of religious expression by ceasing to exercise freedoms they already possess.

He pointed to the decline of public Eucharistic processions in some parts of Europe as an example of a practice that once visibly expressed Christian faith in the public square.

"A freedom that is not exercised eventually erodes," Bauer said.

As European societies continue to debate the role of religion in public life, the ECHR's decision serves as a reminder that religious freedom includes not only the right to hold beliefs privately but also the right to share them peacefully with others. For many Christians, that principle remains at the heart of the Church's missionary mission and witness in the public square.

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Cardinal Tarcisio Isao Kikuchi, SVD, president of Caritas Internationalis, urged Caritas Asia workers to stand at the side of the poor and to help build a synodal Church, addressing the Caritas Asia Regional Conference and Partners' Forum in Bangkok, Thailand.

The conference, held under the theme "Synodality: Sensitivity, Synergy, and Spirituality. All for Caritas — Solidarity," ran from June 9–11.

"We cannot close our eyes to the reality of the poor. Today, our world is wounded. Humanity cries out. Sometimes people become indifferent to the suffering of others. Caritas is the Gospel made visible through compassion, closeness, and services," Kikuchi said in his inaugural address.

The Regional Conference and Partners' Forum serves as the premier governance and collaborative gathering for the Catholic Church's humanitarian network in the region. It brought together presidents, directors, and senior staff from more than 25 Caritas member organizations across Asia, along with global partners including Catholic Relief Services, Caritas Spain, Caritas Italiana, Caritas Germany, Caritas Canada, and CAFOD, as well as representatives from the Federation of Asian Bishops' Conferences.

Caritas Asia serves as the regional secretariat for one of the seven regions of the Caritas Internationalis network, said Benedict Alo D'Rozario, president of Caritas Asia, in a message to EWTN News. He said Caritas Asia represents the region within the global network's support structures and takes part in joint work on staff capacity building, advocacy for social justice, care for creation, humanitarian response, integral human development, anti-human trafficking, safe migration, child protection, education, and moral formation.

D'Rozario said Caritas Asia has adopted four priorities going forward: care for people and planet, adaptability and preparedness, organizational capacity and effectiveness, and leadership and engagement.

He said Caritas Asia is not simply an organization but the heart of the Church, practicing synodality by going into communities, listening carefully, and responding to their needs. Caritas serves others, D'Rozario said, because it recognizes Christ in the poor, the suffering, and the vulnerable, and its mission is rooted in an encounter with Jesus Christ.

Participants described Kikuchi's remarks as highly relevant and inspiring for those across Caritas Asia.

Caritas Bangladesh acts as the social arm of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of Bangladesh, as do other national Caritas organizations across Asia. Daud Jibon Das, executive director of Caritas Bangladesh, said the key message he took from the conference was that, although global funding is gradually decreasing, the Church must continue to care for the poor and those in need.

Caritas Bangladesh has long worked for the poor and neglected people of the country, and the conference will further accelerate its educational work, Das said.

"We work for justice for all, regardless of race, religion, caste, we want all neglected people, poor people to be well," he told EWTN News. "Even if the funds decrease, we will continue to do our work within our means."

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ORLANDO, Florida — A prominent Catholic academic urged a gathering of the U.S. bishops to take a more assertive role in ensuring that Catholic universities live out their distinctively religious mission.

Santiago Schnell, the provost of Dartmouth University and a former dean at the University of Notre Dame, told members of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops at their plenary assembly in Orlando that they "could be more vocal" and "more pushy" when it comes to making sure that Catholic universities are faithful to their unique identity.

"I think you are being too respectful," Schnell told the bishops during his June 10 talk. "You own the word 'Catholic.' We academic administrators, we don't."

Schnell delivered his pointed observations to the bishops at the end of a presentation on the state of Catholic higher education, during which the Ivy League administrator suggested that Catholic universities have focused more on imitating secular universities and chasing college rankings than on imaginatively living out their distinctive mission.

As a result, Schnell contended, the Church is failing to impact the intellectual and cultural life of the nation and even retain its own members.

"They're leaving it because we don't have intellectuals and we don't have a proper formation in higher education that allows them to articulate effectively their faith, to themselves and others," said Schnell, a frequent commentator on Catholic higher education and influential advocate for higher education reform in America.

One bishop in attendance described Schnell's presentation as a "sober moment for the bishops."

"Hopefully the topic motivated bishops to continue the hard work of calling our universities back to their ecclesial and evangelistic mission," Bishop Andrew Cozzens of the Diocese of Crookston, Minnesota, told the National Catholic Register, the sister partner of EWTN News.

Schnell's talk preceded a closed-door conversation on Catholic higher education with the U.S. bishops.

The Dartmouth provost's talk marked the 25th anniversary of the U.S. implementation of Ex Corde Ecclesiae ("From the Heart of the Church"), the 1990 apostolic constitution in which St. John Paul II outlined the Church's vision for Catholic universities and their relationship with bishops.

Promulgated amid growing tension between Catholic universities and the Church hierarchy, the document presents Catholic universities as participating directly in the Church's mission.

While Ex Corde Ecclesiae emphasizes that a Catholic university itself has a responsibility for upholding its Catholic identity, St. John Paul II also taught that the local bishop "has the right and duty to watch over the preservation and strengthening" of the Catholic character of Catholic universities in his diocese.

A 'Catholic paradox'

In his presentation, Schnell described a widening gap between the Church's vision for Catholic higher education and universities that increasingly resemble their secular counterparts.

"These days, both Catholic institutions and non-Catholic institutions have become very secularized, and they're doing this through imitation," he said.

A major driver, he argued, is college rankings, which reward convergence more than distinction.

"Twenty-five years ago when I moved to the United States, I would give a seminar at the University of Chicago, I would give a seminar at Yale, and I would give a seminar at the University of Michigan, and I knew that I was in those universities," said Schnell, who was born and raised in Venezuela and completed his graduate work in mathematical biology at England's Oxford University. "Today … we have become so good imitations of each other that you cannot distinguish the place where you are."

Catholic universities, he added, have followed the same path, becoming "indifferent and indistinguishable" from secular peers.

That shift, he said, has narrowed higher education's purpose, reducing it to credentials and job preparation rather than intellectual and moral formation.

"It's about training for the first job," he said, critiquing the current status quo. "It's not training for life."

Schnell also argued that Catholic institutions are not producing enough intellectual and cultural leaders within the Church. He pointed to Hispanic Catholics, who represent a growing share of the Church but lag in educational attainment, as evidence of what he called a "Catholic paradox": strong infrastructure paired with uneven outcomes.

He also criticized mission statements that increasingly resemble social-service or advocacy organizations.

"All academic institutions and mission statements, particularly the Catholics, have become what I call 'NGOs,'" he said, referring to the acronym for nongovernmental organizations. "That's not the mission of the Catholic university."

Forming future Church doctors 

When Schnell turned to what he described as the core of his proposal, he pointed to a slide outlining a three-part framework for renewal in Catholic higher education focused on forming the Church's next generation of intellectual leaders, clarifying the role of bishops in university life and strengthening the formative culture of Catholic campuses.

"Our mission shouldn't be creating individuals who go to the workplace," Schnell said. Instead, he said that Catholic universities should form scholars who have the potential to be doctors of the Church, i.e., saints who have made significant contributions to theology or doctrine. "That's the primary mission of a Catholic institution." 

Schnell said Catholic identity is sustained not only through governance but also through campus culture — what St. John Henry Newman called the "genius loci," or spirit of place, formed in daily life.

"It's the conversations that the students have while they are walking to their dorms or they are walking to the chapel," he said. "It's the conversations that they're having about their faith."

Schnell warned that Catholic character can erode when faculty and administrators do not actively share the Church's mission.

In some cases, he said, universities have prioritized conformity over fidelity to that mission. Schnell recalled declining an invitation to lead a Catholic university after learning that only about 12% of its faculty and fewer than a quarter of its students were Catholic.

"According to your definition, that's no longer a Catholic institution," he recalled his wife telling him.

As the presentation concluded, Schnell returned briefly to the role of bishops in helping to shape the character of Catholic universities.

"What is the participation of the bishops?" he said, telling the gathered Church leaders that the members of a Catholic university were "their flock."

"They're not mine. They're not going to be the flock of any academic administrator."

This story was first published by the National Catholic Register, the sister partner of EWTN News, and has been adapted by EWTN News.

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